Skip to main content

CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS BASED ON CLIMATIC REQUIREMENTS

CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS BASED ON CLIMATIC REQUIREMENTS

Agro-climatic zones of India
 Agro ecological zone is defined as a land unit in terms of major climates, suitable for certain range of crops and cultivars. Fruits are broadly classified on the basis of their temperature requirement such as, temperate, subtropical and tropical. However, some fruits may be grown under more than one climate. For example, mango is grown under both tropical and subtropical climates. Grape and peach can be grown in both temperate and subtropical regions. The agro climatic zones of India are as follows.
       Zones

  1.  Temperate Subtropical Tropical
  2.   North western North eastern
  3.  Central southern coastal  
Characteristics of different zones 
                                                                                                        
1.Temperate zone:
 Vegetative and flower buds of most of the temperate zone fruits enter into dormancy in late summer or autumn and require a substantial amount of winter cold before they can resume growth in the following spring.
 i. these fruit plants are frost - hardy and even tolerant to snowfall and ice,
 ii. the soil is mainly shallow and acidic in nature, and
 iii. rainfall is adequate.
 In India, temperate zone climatic environment occurs at sufficiently high elevations.

Subtropical zone:
 i. Temperature is of intermediate in nature,
 ii. chilling temperature, if occurs, is for a brief spell and beneficial for many fruits,
 iii. the fruits grown have no distinct rest period,
 iv. light frost may occur in this zone,
 v. rainfall varies widely from low to high,
 vi. soil reaction is generally neutral,
vii. soil fertility status is not satisfactory,
 viii. the majority areas have sandy loam and alluvial soil,and
  ix. the fruits have no marked photoperiodic requirement.

Tropical zone:
 i. Chilling temperature is practically absent,
 ii. high temperature occurs during most part of the year,
 iii. day and night temperature variation is narrow,
iv. photoperiodic requirement in very insignificant,
 v. rainfall varies widely,
 vi. soil type varies greatly (clay loam, alluvial, saline, sandy, laterite etc.,) Besides, the arid region of India which occupies nearly 12 percent of the total land area is of immense importance for fruit growing because of the development of highly efficient irrigation management methods.

In India, the hot, arid zone covers over 3.2 lakh.Sq.km.in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Karnataka and Maharastra. There is about 70,300 sq. km area under the cold arid zone of Ladadh in Jammu & Kashmir.

 Fruits for different climates        
             
Tropical Climate. Sub-Tropical Climate Temperate Climate 
Mango, Banana, Papaya, Pineapple, Guava, Sapota, Aonla, Custard apple, Carambola, Mangosteen, Jack fruit, Grape, Citrus (mandarin, Sweet orange, Lime)etc. Mango, Citrus (mandarin, Sweet orange, Lime, Lemon, Grape fruit ), Grape, litchi, Avocado, Passion fruit, Ber, Bael, Aonla, Phalsa, Karonda, Pomegranate, Date palm, Strawberry, Loquat, Fig, Kair etc. Apple, Almond, Walnut, Pear, Peach, Plum, Apricot, strawberry, Cherry, Kiwi fruit, Pecan nut, Pistachio nut and Hazel nut etc.

 Leading tropical fruit producing states in India

Fruits States
Mango Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Orissa, West Bengal and Kerala.
Banana Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Bihar, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal.
Citrus Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, West Bengal, Gujarat, Assam and North Eastern region.
Papaya Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Orissa and Tamil Nadu.
Pineapple
West Bengal, Assam, Kerala, Karnataka, Bihar and Orissa
Sapota
Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal.
Grapes
Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Punjab and Tamil Nadu.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

B.Sc Agriculture Course , Syllabus And Subjects Lists

B.Sc. Agriculture Course Course Level – Undergraduate Duration – 4 years Examination Type – Annual  Eligibility – 10+2 in Science stream from a recognized educational board Admission Process – Entrance exam based Job Option – Agriculture officer, Assistant Plantation Manager, Agricultural Research Scientist, Agriculture Development Officers, Agriculture Technician, Agriculturists, Business Development Executive, Marketing Executive, etc. ::::: The subjects of B.Sc. Agriculture course are designed in such a way that students grasp all the knowledge related to agriculture and environmental science. The course has specialization like majoring in animal science, plant protection, soil science or agricultural engineering.It is a 4-year professional degree course pursued by aspirants willing to make a career in agriculture science and related disciplines. The curriculum of B.Sc Agriculture is very broad and interdisciplinary consisting of c...

7 Reasons Agriculture Courses Are Trending Right Now

Reasons are given below  If you’re hoping to become an agricultural development  and take over the family farming business, or if you’d like to work in food supply, then you might consider studying agriculture at university. The subject has been gaining momentum over recent years, with enrolment in agriculture courses continuing to rise and a growing demand worldwide for new blood to regenerate the sector from within. 1. Agriculture is the past, present, and the future  The beginning of time, agriculture is among the primary sources of livelihood and it still is up to now. In fact more and more agri courses are being established. The #GoOrganic trend nowadays is another good reason to consider. People are looking for more natural and healthier food and lifestyle alternatives. With a degree in agriculture, you will not only be able to earn but more importantly, become a part in the creation of an environmentally sustainable community. 2....